World J Nephrol Urol

World Journal of Nephrology and Urology, ISSN 1927-1239 print, 1927-1247 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, World J Nephrol Urol and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website http://www.wjnu.org

Original Article

Volume 1, Number 1, February 2012, pages 29-35

Effects of BMI on Blood Pressure and Urinary Excretion of Sodium, Chloride and Potassium in Young Paraguayans

Figures

Figure 1. Urinary excretion of K, Na and Cl by BMI. K: P = 0.01, R² = 0.31; Natriuria (Na): P = 0.0042, R² = 0.33; Cl: P ≤ 0.0001, R² = 0.49.

Figure 2. BMI and Blood Pressure, entire cohort. SBP: P < 0.0001, R² = 0.58; DBP: P < 0.0001, R² = 0.51; MAP: P < 0.0001, R² = 0.57.

Figure 3. BMI and BP in Males. SBP: P = 0.45, R² = 0.13; DBP: P = 0.44, R² = 0.14; MAP: P = 0.38, R² = 0.16.

Figure 4. BMI and BP in Females. SBP: P = 0.02, R² = 0.36; DBP: P = 0.03, R² = 0.34; MAP: P = 0.01, R² = 0.40.

Figure 5. Association between BMI and BP readings in normotensive individuals. SBP: P < 0.0001, R² = 0.50; DBP: P = 0.008, R² = 0.34; MAP: P = 0.0003, R² = 0.27.

Figure 6. Relationship between BMI and BP in patients without obesity and without overweight. SBP: P = 0.001, R² = 0.56; DBP: P = 0.002, R² = 0.51; MAP: P = 0.0007, R² = 0.56.

Tables

**Table 1.** Baseline Characteristics
N = 72.
BMI kg/m² (Mean ± SD)	24.1 ± 3.6
Male sex, N%	36 (50%)
Urinary Na (mEq/24hs), Mean ± SD	159.7 ± 69
Urinary K (mEq/24hs), Mean ± SD	51.5 ± 17.7
C1 in urine (mEq/24hs), Mean ± SD	166.7 ± 66.7
SBP (mmHg), Mean ± SD	117.1 ± 12.2
DBP (mmHg), Mean ± SD	78.3 ± 10.1
MAP, Mean ± SD	91.3 ± 10.1
Abd Circunference (cm), Mean ± SD	82.1 ± 12.2
Age (years), Mean ± SD	25.2 ± 1.5
Family Hx of HTN, N%	49 (68%)
Smoking, N%	11 (15%)

**Table 2.** Characteristics of Patients With BMI Lower and Higher Than 25 kg/m²
	BMI < 25 N = 44	BMI equal or higher than 25, N = 27	P
SBP mmHg, (Mean, SD)	112 ± 10.5	124 ± 11.7	0.0001
DBP mmHg, (Mean, SD)	75.4 ± 8.96	83.84 ± 10.1	0.0013
MAP (Mean, SD)	87.8 ± 8.80	97.4 ± 9.62	0.0002
Age	25 ± 1.44	25.53 ± 1.67	0.26
Male gender, N (%)	15 (34)	20 (74)	0.001
Urinary Na > 150 mEq/24 hours	15 (34%)	17 (62%)	0.01

**Table 3.** Multivariate Analysis, Factors Associated With Elevated Blood Pressure
Term	Estimate	Std Error	t Ratio	P value
Intercept	100	8.6	11.62	< 0.0001*
Male gender	7.3	1.2	5.80	< 0.0001*
BMI	0.7	0.3	2.06	0.0431*